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SUMMARY
Draft Plan of Implementation for the World Summit on Sustainable Development
( Children went through the Draft Plan of Implementation for the World Summit on Sustainable Development and pulled out all the phrases mentioning children. Youth participation is mentioned, but not until the VERY LAST paragraph)
1. Introduction
3. [Agreed] We recognize that the implementation of the outcomes of the Summit should benefit all, particularly women, youth, children and vulnerable groups.
2. Poverty Eradication
(a) [Agreed] Halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of the world’s people whose income is less than $1 a day and the proportion of people who suffer from hunger and, by the same date, to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water;
(b) [Establish a world solidarity fund to eradicate poverty and to promote social and human development in the developing countries
(d) [Agreed ad ref] Promote women’s equal access to and full participation, on the basis of equality with men, in decision-making at all levels, mainstreaming gender perspectives in all policies and strategies, eliminating all forms of violence and discrimination against women, and improving the status, health and economic welfare of women and girls through full and
equal access to economic opportunity, land, credit, education and health care services;
(f) [Agreed] Deliver basic health services for all and reduce environmental health threats, taking into account the special needs of children and the linkages between poverty, health and environment, with provision of financial resources, technical assistance and knowledge transfer to developing countries and countries with economies in transition;
(g) [Agreed] Ensure that children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling and will have equal access to all levels of education;
7. (alt.) [Support the Millennium Declaration development goal to halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of people who are unable to reach, or to afford, safe drinking water, and undertake a related effort for the people without access to improved sanitation, sensitive to the needs of the poor and protecting the environment. This would include actions at all levels to:]
(b) [Agreed] Improve sanitation in public institutions especially schools;
(d) [Agreed] Promote education and outreach focused on children, as agents of behavioural change;
11. [Agreed] Take immediate and effective measures to eliminate the worst forms of child labour as defined in the International Labour Organization Convention No.182, and elaborate and implement strategies for the elimination of child labour that is contrary to accepted international standards.
12. [Agreed] Promote international cooperation to assist developing countries, upon request, in addressing child labour and its root causes, inter alia, through social and economic policies aimed at poverty conditions, while stressing that labour standards should not be used for protectionist trade purposes.
3. Changing Unsustainable Patterns of Consumption and Production
international organizations, the private sector and all major groups should play an active role in changing unsustainable consumption and production patterns. This would include actions at all levels to:
14. [Encourage and promote the development of]/[Develop] [a] ten-year work programme[s] to accelerate the shift towards sustainable consumption and production to promote social and economic development within the carrying capacity of ecosystems by [delinking]/[breaking the link between] economic growth and environmental degradation through improving efficiency and sustainability in the use of resources and production processes, and reducing resource degradation, pollution and waste. All countries should take action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development needs and capabilities of developing countries, [through, inter alia, mobilisation, from all sources, of financial and technical assistance and capacity building for developing countries]. This [programme] would [require]/[encourage and facilitate] [the following] actions at all levels to:
(d) [Agreed] Develop awareness-raising programmes on the importance of sustainable production and consumption patterns, particularly among youth and the relevant segments in all countries, especially in developed countries, through, inter alia, education, public and consumer information, advertising and other media, taking into account local, national and
regional cultural values;
(e) [[Diversify energy supply by developing cleaner, more efficient and innovative fossil fuel technologies, and promote the] increase [of] the share of [non-hydro]/[new] renewable energy sources [by at least 2%]/[with the objective of increasing the global share to at least 15% of total primary energy supply by 2010]. [To achieve this all countries should adopt and implement ambitious national goals.] [For industrialized countries, these goals should aim at an increase in the share of renewable energy sources of total primary energy supply by at least 2 percentage points of total energy supply by 2010 relative to 2000.] / [to at least 5% of total primary energy supply] [by 2010].] at the global level by 2010. To achieve this, all countries should adopt and implement specific national goals; ]]
4. Protecting and Managing the National Resource Base of Economic and Social Development
23. [As the natural resource base is vital for sustainable development, the current trend in loss of natural resources must be halted and reversed, where appropriate, at global and national
levels by 2015]
24. Launch a programme of actions, with financial and technical assistance, to achieve the Millennium Declaration goal to halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of people who are unable to reach, or to afford, safe drinking water [and undertake a related effort for the people without access to improved sanitation]/[and to achieve a similar goal to halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of people without access to improved sanitation]
30. To achieve [equitable and] sustainable fisheries, the following actions are required at all levels:
(a) Maintain or restore stocks to levels that can produce the maximum sustainable yield with the aim of achieving these goals for depleted stocks [by 2015] [on an urgent basis].
(d) [Agreed] Urgently develop and implement national and, where appropriate, regional plans of action, to put into effect the FAO International Plans of Action , in particular the IPOA for the Management of Fishing Capacity by 2005 and the IPOA to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing by 2004. Establish effective monitoring and reporting, and enforcement, and control of fishing vessels, including by flag States, to further the IPOA to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing;
(c) [Agreed] Develop and facilitate the use of diverse approaches and tools, including the ecosystem approach, the elimination of destructive fishing practices, the establishment of marine protected areas consistent with international law and based on scientific information, including representative networks, by 2012, and time/area closures for the protection of nursery grounds and periods, proper coastal land use; and watershed planning and the integration of marine and coastal areas management into key sectors;
32. [Agreed] Advance implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities (GPA) and the Montreal Declaration with particular emphasis in the period 2002-2006 on municipal wastewater, the physical alteration and destruction of habitats, and nutrients by actions at all levels to:
(b) [Agreed] Establish by 2004 a regular process under the United Nations for global reporting and assessment of the state of the marine environment, including socio-economic aspects, both current and foreseeable, building on existing regional assessments;
37. Enhance cooperation at the international, regional and national levels to reduce air pollution, including transboundary air pollution, acid deposition, and ozone depletion, [bearing in mind principles, including, inter alia, the principle that, in view of the different contributions to global environmental degradation, States have common but differentiated responsibilities,] with actions at all levels to:
(b) [Agreed] Facilitate implementation of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer18 by ensuring adequate replenishment of its fund by 2003/2005;
38. [Agreed] Agriculture plays a crucial role in addressing the needs of a growing global population, and is inextricably linked to poverty eradication, especially in developing countries. Enhancing the role of women at all levels and in all aspects of rural development, agriculture, nutrition and food security is imperative. Sustainable agriculture and rural development are
essential to the implementation of an integrated approach to increasing food production and enhancing food security and food safety in an environmentally sustainable way. This would include actions at all levels to:
(a) [Agreed] Achieve the Millennium Declaration target to halve by the year 2015, the proportion of the world’s people who suffer from hunger and realize the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of themselves and their families, including food, including by, promoting food security and fighting hunger in combination with measures which
address poverty, consistent with the outcome of the World Food Summit and, for State Parties, with their obligations under Article 11 of the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
42. Biodiversity, which plays a critical role in overall sustainable development and poverty eradication, is essential to our planet, human well-being and to the livelihood and cultural integrity of people. However, biodiversity is presently being lost at unprecedented rates due to human activities; this trend can only be reversed if the local people benefit from the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, in particular in countries of origin of genetic resources, in accordance with Article 15 of the CBD. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the key instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from use of genetic resources.
[Achieving a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss [by 2010] includes actions at all levels to]/[With a view to having instruments in place to stop the current alarming biodiversity loss [by 2010],
43. Achievement of sustainable forest management, nationally and globally, including through partnerships among interested
governments and stakeholders, including the private sector, indigenous and local communities and non-governmental organisations, is an essential goal of sustainable development. This would include actions at all levels to:
(g) [Agreed] Accelerate implementation of the IPF/IFF proposals for action by countries and by the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, and intensify efforts on reporting to the Forum to contribute to an assessment of progress in 2005;
6. Health and Sustainable Development
47. [Agreed] Strengthen the capacity of health care systems to deliver basic health services to all in an efficient, accessible and affordable manner aimed at preventing, controlling and treating diseases and to reduce environmental health threats and, taking into account the reports of recent United Nations conferences, summits, and special sessions of the United Nations
General Assembly, consistent with national laws and cultural and religious values. This would include actions at all levels to:
(e) [Agreed] Promote and develop partnerships to enhance health education with the objective of achieving improved health literacy on a global basis by 2010, with the involvement of United Nations Agencies, as appropriate;
(f) [Agreed] Develop programmes and initiatives to reduce, by the year 2015, mortality rates for infants and children under 5 by two thirds, and maternal mortality rates by three quarters, of the prevailing rate in 2000, and reduce disparities between and within developed and developing countries as quickly as possible with particular attention to eliminating the pattern of disproportionate and preventable mortality among girl infants and children;
(j) [Agreed] Address effectively, for all individuals of appropriate age, the promotion of their healthy lives, including their reproductive and sexual health, consistent with the commitments and outcomes of recent United Nations conferences and summits, including the World Summit for Children, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, the International Conference of Population and Development, the World Summit for Social Development, and the Fourth World Conference on Women, and their respective reviews and reports;
48. [Agreed] Implement, within the agreed timeframes, all commitments agreed in the UNGASS declaration on HIV/AIDS, emphasizing in particular the reduction of HIV prevalence among young men and women aged 15-24 by 25 per cent in the most affected countries by 2005 and globally by 2010, as well as combat malaria, tuberculosis and other diseases by
(a) [Agreed] Implementing national preventive and treatment strategies, regional and international cooperation measures as well as development of international initiatives to provide special assistance to children orphaned by HIV/AIDS;
49. [Agreed] Reduce respiratory diseases and other health impacts resulting from air pollution, with particular attention to women and children, by:
(d) [Agreed] Assisting developing countries to provide affordable energy to rural communities, particularly to reduce dependence on traditional fuel sources for cooking and heating, which affect the health of women and children.
50. [Agreed] Phase out lead in lead-based paints and other sources of human exposure, work to prevent, in particular, children’s exposure to lead and strengthen monitoring and surveillance efforts as well as treatment of lead poisoning.
7. Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States
52. [Agreed] Small island developing States are a special case both for environment and development. Although they continue to take the lead in the path towards sustainable development in their countries, they are increasingly constrained by the interplay of adverse factors clearly underlined in Agenda 21, the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable
Development of Small Island Developing States,21 and the decisions adopted at the twenty second special session of the General Assembly. This would include actions at all levels to:
(e) Effectively reduce, prevent and control waste and pollution and their health-related impacts by undertaking, [by 2004], initiatives aimed at implementing the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities in Small Island Developing States;
53. [Agreed] Support the availability of adequate, affordable and environmentally sound energy services for the sustainable development of SIDS by, inter alia:
(a) [Agreed] Strengthening ongoing and supporting new efforts on energy supply and services, by 2004, including through the United Nations system and partnership initiatives;
8. Sustainable Development for Africa
56. Since Rio, sustainable development has remained elusive for many African countries. Poverty remains a major challenge and most countries on the continent have not benefited fully from the opportunities of globalization, further exacerbating the continent’s marginalization. Africa’s efforts to achieve sustainable development have been hindered by: conflicts, insufficient investment, limited [benefits from] trade, [unsustainable debt burden], [historically declining ODA flows] and the impact of HIV/AIDS. The WSSD should reinvigorate the commitment of the international community to address these special challenges and give effect to a new vision based on concrete actions for the implementation of Agenda 21 in Africa. The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) is a commitment by African leaders, to the people of Africa. It recognizes that partnerships among African countries themselves and between them and with the international community are key elements of a shared and common vision to eradicate poverty, and furthermore, it aims to place their countries, both individually and collectively, on a path of sustained economic growth and sustainable development, while participating actively in the world economy and body politic. It provides a framework for sustainable development on the continent to be shared by all Africa’s people. The international community welcomes NEPAD and pledges its support to the implementation of this vision, including through utilization of the benefits of South-South cooperation [supported, inter alia, by the Tokyo International Conference on African Development]. It also pledges support for other existing development frameworks that are owned and driven nationally by African countries and that embody poverty reduction strategies, including PRSPs. Achieving sustainable development includes actions at all levels to:
(a) Create an enabling environment at the regional, sub-regional, national and local levels in order to achieve sustained economic growth and sustainable development and support African efforts for peace, stability and security, the resolution and prevention of conflicts, democracy, good governance, [protection of [universally agreed] human rights] [including the right to
development] and gender equality;
(e) [Agreed] Support the development of national programmes and strategies to promote education within the context of nationally owned and led strategies for poverty reduction and strengthen research institutions in education in order to increase the capacity to fully support the achievement of internationally agreed development goals related to education, including those
contained in the Millennium Declaration on ensuring that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling and that girls and boys will have equal access to all levels of education relevant to national needs;
(i) Establish and promote, [consistent with the plan of action as set out in paragraph 8 of this document]/[consistent with other paragraphs on energy of this document,] [partnerships and initiatives]/[a programme]/[programmes] to support Africa’s efforts to implement NEPAD’s objectives on energy which seek to secure access for at least 35 per cent of the African population within 20 years, especially in rural areas,
61. [Agreed] Achieve significantly improved sustainable agricultural productivity and food security in furtherance of the agreed Millennium Development Goals, including those contained in the Millennium Declaration, in particular to halve by 2015 the proportion of people who suffer from hunger, including through initiatives at all levels to:
(a) Support the development and implementation of national policies and programmes, including, research programmes and development plans of African countries to regenerate their agricultural sector and sustainably develop their fisheries, increase investment in infrastructure, technology and extension services, according to country needs. Countries should be in the process of developing and implementing food security strategies, within the context of national poverty eradication programmes [by 2005];
9. Means of Implementation
76. [Developed countries should make available the increased ODA commitments announced at the International Conference on Financing for Development, and for those that have not done so to make concrete efforts to reach the target of 0.7 per cent of GNP as official development assistance (ODA) to developing countries, and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP of developed countries to least developed countries, by expediting action on the means and timeframes taking into account the outcome of the International Conference on Financing for Development.]
76(alt.) [There is a need to make available the increased ODA commitments announced by developed countries at the International Conference on Financing for Development, and urge the developed countries that have not done so to make concrete efforts to reach the UN goal of 0.7 per cent of gross national product (GNP) as official development assistance (ODA) to developing countries, and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP of developed countries to least developed countries, and examine means and timeframes for achieving the targets and goals in accordance with the Monterrey Consensus.]
76(bis). [The Secretary-General of the United Nations is invited to monitor and report regularly on ODA commitments and pledges in order to ensure a higher degree of predictability, transparency and long-term planning.]
88.(bis) [Agreed] Take steps with a view to the avoidance of and refrain from any unilateral measure not in accordance with international law and the Charter of the United Nations that impedes the full achievement of economic and social development by the population of the affected countries, in particular women and children, that hinders their well-being and that creates obstacles to the full enjoyment of their human rights, including the right of everyone to a standard of living adequate for their health and well-being and their right to food, medical care and the necessary social services. Ensure that food and medicine are not used as tools for political pressure.
99. [Agreed] Education is critical for promoting sustainable development. It is therefore essential to mobilize necessary resources, including financial resources at all levels, by bilateral and multilateral donors, including the World Bank and the regional development banks, by civil society and by foundations, to complement the efforts by national governments to pursue the following goals and actions:
(a) [Agreed] Meet the development goal in the Millennium Declaration of achieving universal primary education, ensuring that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling;
(b) [Agreed] Provide all children, particularly those living in rural areas and those living in poverty, especially girls, with the access and opportunity to complete a full course of primary education;
103. Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education [by 2005] as provided in the Dakar Framework for Action on Education for All, and at all levels of education no later than 2015 to meet the development goals contained in the Millennium Declaration, with action to ensure, inter alia, equal access to all levels and forms of education, training and capacity building by gender mainstreaming, and by creating a gender-sensitive educational system.
104. [Agreed] Integrate sustainable development into education systems at all levels of education, in order to promote education as a key agent for change.
107. Support the use of education to promote sustainable development, [including through actions at all levels to]/ [actions are required to]:
(d) [Agreed] Recommend to the UN General Assembly that it consider adopting a decade of education for sustainable development, starting in 2005.
111. [Agreed] Ensure access, at the national level, to environmental information and judicial and administrative proceedings in environmental matters, and public participation in decision making to further principle 10 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, taking into full account principles 5, 7 and 11 of the Rio Declaration.
10. Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development
121. [Agreed] Measures to strengthen sustainable development institutional arrangements at all levels should be taken within the framework of Agenda 21 and build on developments since UNCED and should lead to the achievement of, inter alia, the following objectives:
(d.bis) [Promoting the rule of law, as well as respect for all internationally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to development, strengthening of governmental institutions and links among them;]
(f) [Agreed] Enhancing participation and effective involvement of civil society and other relevant stakeholders in the implementation of Agenda 21, as well as promoting transparency and broad public participation.
123. [In order to ensure a dynamic and enabling international economic environment, the international community must address the imbalances and asymmetries in international finance, trade, technology and investment patterns that have a negative impact on development prospects for developing countries. To this effect, the international community should take all necessary and appropriate measures, including support for structural and macroeconomic reform, durable solution to the external debt problem, market access and capacity building. In this regard, action at the international level is required to:]
(c) [Ensure that developed countries adhere to their commitments for provision of financial and technical assistance to developing countries, including achieving the ODA target of 0.7 of GDP for assistance to developing countries;]
Role of the General Assembly
125. [Agreed] The General Assembly of the United Nations should adopt sustainable development as a key element of the overarching framework for UN activities particularly for achieving the internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the Millennium Declaration, and give overall political direction to the implementation of Agenda 21 and its review.
Role of ECOSOC
126. [Agreed] Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and Agenda 21 provisions regarding ECOSOC, and the General Assembly Resolutions 48/162 and 50/227, which reaffirmed ECOSOC as the central mechanism for coordination of the UN system and its specialised agencies and supervision of subsidiary bodies, in particular its functional commissions, and to promote the implementation of Agenda 21 by strengthening system-wide coordination
Role and function of the Commission on Sustainable Development
127. [Agreed] The CSD should continue to be the high-level commission on sustainable development within the UN system and serve as a forum for consideration of issues related to integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development. While the role, functions and mandate of the Commission as set out in relevant parts of Agenda 21 and adopted in General
Assembly Resolution 47/191 continue to be relevant, CSD needs to be strengthened, taking into account the role of relevant institutions and organisations. An enhanced role of CSD should include reviewing and monitoring the progress in implementation of Agenda 21 as well as fostering coherence of implementation, initiatives and partnerships. Role of international institutions
136. [Agreed] Strengthen cooperation among UNEP and other UN bodies and specialized agencies, the Bretton Woods institutions and the WTO, within their mandates.
137. [Agreed] UNEP, UN-Habitat, UNDP and UNCTAD within their mandates should strengthen their contribution to sustainable development programmes and the implementation of Agenda 21 at all levels, particularly in the area of promoting capacity building. Strengthening institutional frameworks for sustainable development at the national level
145. States should:
(b) [Take immediate steps to make progress on the commitment [made in the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21,] for] the formulation and elaboration of national strategies for sustainable development [and begin their implementation by 2005] and should to this end, as appropriate, be supported through international cooperation, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, in particular the least developed countries. Such strategies, which where applicable, could be formulated as poverty reduction strategies, which integrate economic, social and environmental aspects of sustainable development, should be pursued in accordance with each country’s national priorities.
Participation of Major Groups
151. [[Develop, with participation of civil society, global multilateral guidelines on]/ [Promote and ensure] public access to information, public participation on decision-making and access to justice drawing on existing experience, including [regional] initiatives designed to implement Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration.]
paragraph 153 (last paragraph) “Promote and support youth participation in programs and activities relating to sustainable development through for example supporting local youth councils or their equivalent and by encouraging their establishment where they do not exist.
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